What is Bed & ISA

Understand what Bed and ISA is and how it works

What’s a bed and ISA?

Despite the name, a bed and ISA doesn’t have anything to with opening an ISA as you sleep.
‍

It refers to a pair of transactions that investors use to move their portfolio into a stocks and shares ISA - that’s an ‘individual savings account’ for anyone unfamiliar with the acronym.
‍

In one transaction, an investor will sell some stocks in a regular brokerage account. At exactly the same time, they’ll try to buy the same stocks back in a stocks and shares ISA.
‍

What’s the point?

Even though it’s probably fun trying to buy and sell stocks simultaneously, people don’t make bed and ISA transactions just for kicks. The reason they do it is because of the rules governing ISAs.
‍

You can’t transfer stocks that you already hold in a regular brokerage account into an ISA. To get the tax benefits that come with an ISA, you have to deposit money into one and then invest it.
‍

That means anyone who holds stocks and shares in a regular brokerage account will have to carry out bed and ISA transactions if they want to move them into an ISA.
‍

Check our stocks and shares ISA page to see how you can open an ISA with Freetrade.

‍

What does it cost?

Even if you managed to buy and sell your stocks at exactly the same time, performing a bed and ISA transaction will cost you some money. There are a few reasons for this.
‍

First of all, buy and sell prices are different. A company that buys stocks from you will only sell them back to you at a higher price. That’s how they make money.
‍

The next cost is stamp duty. You won’t pay this when you sell stocks but you do have to pay the 0.5 per cent tax as a buyer.
‍

If you use a broker that charges you trading fees or any other commissions, you’ll also have to pay those too.
‍

Further resources on ISAs and investing

Beginner's guide on stocks and shares ISA
Guide to ISA transfers‍
How to become an ISA Millionaire‍
‍Is Crypto a good choice for your ISA‍
‍Guide to how to invest in stocks

‍

More terms

Margin call

Learn what a margin call stands for in financial terms.
Read more

Venture Capital Trust (VCT)

A listed company run by a fund manager, investing mainly in private companies.e.
Read more

Net Asset Value (NAV)

The value of a company's assets relative to the number of shares it has.
Read more

Conventional gilts

Gilts where the dividends and principal repayments are fixed in nominal terms. This is as opposed to an index-linked gilt where the dividends and principal repayments are related to movements in the Retail Prices Index (RPI).
Read more

Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF)

A collection of investments, pooled into a single fund that can be bought and sold on a stock exchange.
Read more

index-linked gilts

Gilts where the dividends and principal repayments are related to movements in the Retail Prices Index (RPI). This is as opposed to a conventional gilt, where the dividends and principal repayments are fixed in nominal terms.
Read more

Money weighted rate of return

Learn what Money Weighted Rate of Return or MWRR stands for in finance.
Read more

UK Treasury bill

A debt instrument issued by the UK government with a maturity of less than one year.
Read more

Leverage

A method of trading using borrowed money that usually involves a very high level of risk.
Read more

You're just minutes away from commission-free investing

Capital at risk. Other charges may apply.